2023 Oral Presentations
The following abstracts had been received and accepted for presentation at the 2023 Gulf Coast Conference.
Abstract # 100 - Training Course
10/9/2023 - 8:30 AM - 4:30 PM - Ivy 2
Understanding Test Method Precision, Bias, ILS Design, Statistical Quality Control Charts
The fee for this course is $899. This seminar will present an overview on test method precision, bias, ILS design, and statistical control charts. ASTM repeatability, reproducibility, intermediate precision, and bias will be discussed, along with ASTM D6300 ILS design requirements to establish r, R, and critical success factors. Test method "in-statistical-control" concept will be discussed along with control chart work process and tools per ASTM D6299.
To Register click the link below:
Register for ASTM Monday Class
Abstract # 101 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM - Exhibit Hall A4
*KEYNOTE SPEAKER* Understanding the Changing Fuels Landscape
- Clean Fuels Alliance America
Download the presentation
Learn more about the driving forces behind renewable fuels and the impacts they will have moving forward for different market applications. National standards, regional regulations and specific decarbonization efforts will have a lasting affect in the global fuels marketplace beyond just the current administration.
Abstract # 102 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 12:55 PM - 1:35 PM - Iris
Monitoring Water Scale-Biofilm Potentials of Legionella pneumophila via Advanced Spectrometer
Analyzing the scaling/corrosivity chemistries of industrial process water systems (i.e.:cooling towers) is a key factor in confirming that preventive protocols are adequate and being sustained. As well as ensuring the health of employees maintaining and exposed to those systems. Water, having a scaling factor, can lead to mineral layer formation and corrosion pitting. Those layers and pits can become a breeding point for the bacterium Legionella pneumophila through the process of biofilm formation. EPA and Centers for Disease Control regulatory agencies are focused on reducing the risk of Legionella outbreaks from all sectors of industrial and manufacturing water use activities. The role of an advanced transportable spectrometer can provide onsite water chemistry results for the monitoring of various industrial and production water matrices. Having the capability of attaining accurate results on location can allow for improved decisions on potential water quality concerns and impart scale-biofilm awareness. This advanced spectrometer analyzes the chemistry constituents of scaling/corrosion and employs a pioneering software that calculates the Puckorius, Langelier and Ryznar Scale Indices, as well as water aggressive index (AI). This presentation will introduce the advanced spectrometer and describe how the final reports can be utilized for predicting and balancing water chemistry scaling tendencies in ultra-pure water treatment, wastewater processes, boilers, heat exchangers and cooling towers. Thus, aid in preventing biofilm formation that can possibly harbor Legionella pneumophilia. Additionally, the spectrometer results can inhibit and predict scale/corrosion related problems that can become physically and monetarily detrimental to the water processes’ infrastructure.
Abstract # 107 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:00 AM - 8:20 AM - Wisteria
- Frontier Labs Americas
- Frontier Lab Americas
The differences in the chemical composition of three polystyrene samples are revealed in this presentation providing a step-by-step analytical protocol for detecting and identifying minor differences in like materials and polymers. The technique used is, Pyrolysis-Gas chromatography/Mass spectroscopy, an easy solid sample introduction technique that expands the application areas of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The Multi-Mode Micro- furnace pyrolyzer is directly interfaced with the GC injector preventing any potential of cold spot, carryover, and cross-contamination. The multi-mode pyrolyzer with different modes of operations including Evolve gas analysis (EGA), Flash pyrolysis, Thermal desorption, and Heart- cutting can be operated in the same system. The method requires very little sample preparation. EGA is the first step that provides information about the thermal temperature behaviors of the sample. The following is the flash pyrolysis mode of operation in which the resulting pyrograms include volatiles, additives, and polymer information. By utilizing Thermal desorption (TD-GC/MS), the additives compounds between the three samples show differences.
Abstract # 108 - Workshop
10/11/2023 - 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM - Wisteria
- Frontier Labs Americas
- Frontier Labs Americas
Pyrolysis performed correctly is a valuable and easy-to-use sample introduction technique for GC and GC/MS. It allows the user to characterize any solid or viscous organic materials that otherwise could not be analyzed by GC. Learn when to use Evolved Gas Analysis, Thermal Desorption, Heart-Cutting, or Pyrolysis; all with the same system. Potential, new, and existing users of Frontier Labs’ Multi-functional Pyrolyzer products are encouraged to attend. No prior experience is needed
Abstract # 113 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:05 PM - 2:25 PM - Iris
The Growing Importance of On-Site Clean Hydrogen and the Significance of On-Site Testing
This white paper explores the increasing importance of on-site clean hydrogen production as a key component in the global transition to a sustainable energy future. As the world seeks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change, hydrogen has emerged as a promising clean energy carrier. On-site clean hydrogen production offers numerous advantages, including enhanced energy efficiency, reduced carbon footprint, and decreased dependency on fossil fuels. However, ensuring the purity and safety of on-site hydrogen production is crucial. This paper highlights the importance of on-site testing for hydrogen, discussing its role in verifying quality, addressing potential contaminants, ensuring operational safety, and promoting the widespread adoption of clean hydrogen technologies.
Abstract # 114 - Training Course
10/12/2023 - 9:00 AM - 4:00 PM - Ivy 2
Basic Analytical Chemistry - Bridging the gap between chemists and engineers
This course will include a complete tour of the analytical laboratory for the petroleum industry. We will discuss many analytical instruments and their basic function and technology. This will include GCs, ICP, ICP-MS, XRD, XRF, elemental analyzers, titrators and more. This course will also bridge the gap that some chemist experience while discussing the engineer needs including reading P&ID, block flow diagram, online analyzers, sampling, and sampling system. And finally, we will discuss the different standardized methodologies including ASTM, UOP, IFP, GPA methods and dive into QA/QC including repeatability and reproducibility. The course will be heavily supported by real world examples and as an open forum for questions and answers throughout the day.
The Fee for this course is $150.00 & includes lunch, please register at Register To Attend and select Registration Type + Thursday Session from the drop down.
Abstract # 116 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:00 AM - 8:25 AM - Daffodil
Using a LIMS to Streamline Your Quality Management System (QMS)
- Accelerated Technology Laboratories
For most laboratories, the Quality Management System (QMS) creates efficient processes, helps to meet regulatory and quality program requirements, and ensures customer satisfaction. A modern LIMS should be the backbone of a laboratory’s QMS. This presentation will focus on how to optimize the use of a LIMS to support the organization’s QMS and will cover the following:
- ISO 17025 and TNI requirements: Using these quality standards with LIMS to ensure QMS success
- Key organizational benefits from LIMS and QMS alignment
- How your QMS and document handling can be affected by using a LIMS
Abstract # 117 - Training Course
10/10/2023 - 2:50 PM - 3:35 PM - Wisteria
Thermal Analysis of Polymers using a Multi-function Pyrolyzer with Gas Chromatography
With complex non-volatile organic material analysis, gas chromatography (GC) may not be the obvious choice, until the analyst adds pyrolyzer. Additionally, a pyrolyzer which is versatile in thermal introduction techniques can further increase GC-MS functionality. This training course will discuss the use of a pyrolyzer as a thermal sample introduction instrument with GC–MS to increase analytical throughput. Learn about the capability of the instrument under various configurations, using specific case studies as examples. These case studies include quantification of residual monomer or oligomer in a polymer, competitive and failure analysis of finished products, and accelerated photodegradation studies of rubber.
Capabilities include evolved gas analysis, flash pyrolysis, multi-step pyrolysis, thermal desorption, dynamic headspace, reactant gas pyrolysis, catalysis, multi-ramp for VOC focusing, and photochemistry.
Abstract # 125 - Seminar
10/11/2023 - 1:25 PM - 2:05 PM - Iris
Is There Life Beyond the Bench?
Are you looking for a future beyond the bench? Do you have experience in wet chemistry, inorganics (metals), and organics? Do you love chemistry and instrumentation, but also traveling and working from home? In this seminar we will discuss career options for individuals with technical laboratory backgrounds. As an experienced consultant, the presenter is often asked for advice on how to make the transition from the laboratory bench to potential careers in consulting and/or assessment. Attendees will be provided with a roadmap that addresses the practical aspects of launching a consulting career, including degree requirements, necessary skills (instrumentation, writing, interpersonal) and experience, and training requirements. We will also examine the pros and cons of venturing out on your own, with a more specific focus on working for consulting organizations and conducting third-party assessments.
Abstract # 126 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 8:30 AM - 9:00 AM - Iris
Monitoring Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Volatile Organic Carbon (VOC) in Refinery Wastewater
- Veolia WTS Analytical Instruments
Refineries consume up to 9-12 gallons of water to one barrel of oil and generate a large amount of wastewater drawn from tank bottom draws to rejected boiler streams and sour water stripping among others. Treating influent wastewater is critical to compliance with local and federal regulations but monitoring effluent is also important to determine the effectiveness of the treatment process. Wastewater is inherently complex, but with refineries, wastewater contains numerous organic and volatile compounds. This session discusses how continuous monitoring of TOC and VOC in refinery wastewater can benefit refineries by ensuring effective treatment and compliance.
Abstract # 128 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 8:00 AM - 8:30 AM - Daffodil
New Revolutionary Process GC with Capillary Chromatography
- Wasson-ECE Instrumentation, Inc.
Chemical processing plants around the world have complex streams that require complex analyses. Another challenge is obtaining real-time, high-quality data about the streams. It is important to the plant’s profitability to know the quality of the product that is flowing through their process unit at any given moment. Process gas chromatographs (PGCs) can provide many plants with some of this critical on-line data, but too often plants must also rely on laboratory GC analysis as backups or quality checks to the PGCs. This is because the laboratory GC analysis provides data on more components at higher resolution and higher sensitivity. In other cases, the information that a plant needs can only be achieved by laboratory GC analysis since limitations in technology prevent the analysis from being performed on a PGC at all. What’s needed is a PGC that can provide repeatable capillary chromatography with pressure programming and temperature-programmable ovens. It also needs to be built to ATEX specifications so that it can be installed in hazardous rated areas. Wasson-ECE’s Eclipse (FID/TCD/PDHID), Neutrino (MSD), and E-VUV (VUV detector) PGCs provide such a solution [1] [2] [3]. These PGCs use convection ovens with precise controls as well as electronic pressure and flow programing to drive the performance and resolving power of capillary column chromatography. The precision of the temperature and electronic pressure controls was proven to demonstrate highly reproducible retention times and peak areas, results rivaling those obtained on laboratory GCs. Furthermore, an extremely broad range of analytes can be detected because of the detectors that these PGCs offer, most notably the MSD. The Eclipse, Neutrino, and E-VUV PGCs provide single analyzer solutions that deliver results for a diverse range of analytes which would typically require several traditional PGCs and the shelter space to house them.
Abstract # 129 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM - Hibiscus
Hydrogen is a cheap, widely available gas that is of critical importance to many industries, especially the petrochemical industry. In the petrochemical industry, it is used as a feedstock in hydrocracking and hydrotreating processes, as well as for control of BTU for fuel and flare gases. Although hydrogen itself cannot be detected by FTIR, trace impurities in hydrogen gas can affect the purity, act as catalyst poisons, or effect the performance of the process. Optically Enhanced FTIR can be used to identify and quantify these impurities down to the low ppb level depending upon the application. This presentation will highlight the use of OE-FTIR for trace analysis of impurities in hydrogen for several applications, including synthesis gas, or syngas, in which hydrogen is a major component.
Abstract # 130 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM - Hibiscus
FTIR is an excellent technique for quantifying trace analytes in various samples such as plant air, bulk gases, and process gases. A limitation of FTIR is that there is often too much interference from the sample matrix or other sample analytes present that the target trace analytes cannot be accurately quantified. Software for FTIR can allowsthe user to adjust the quant regions of any analyte in the FTIR spectra. In some cases. the software also allows the user to select which areas of the quant region will be included in the quantification based on the interference with the target analyte. This process is known as “picket fencing” and is a very useful tool for accurately quantifying target, and/or, trace analytes. The presentation will cover these processes, as well as their benefits and limitations, with the software platform.
Abstract # 131 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:10 PM - 3:10 PM - Hibiscus
Omnic Software Tutorial for IR/NIR/Raman Spectroscopy
This workshop will cover Omnic software, the popular platform for running Thermo Fisher FT-IR, FT-NIR, and Raman spectrometers. A live software demonstration will be given to highlight features of Omnic, which will include collection of data from a working spectrometer. A live demonstration of TQ software will be given illustrating FTIR, FT-NIR and Raman quantitative and qualitative methods. Suggestions will be given on how to diagnose chemometric methods to ensure they accurately predict. Some pitfalls will be covered to avoid improperly modeled methods. In addition, an overview of Macros/Basic automated workflow software will be given. This software is designed to build pre-program quantitative predictions. The Macros language can also automate many other software functions, like basic kinetic routines.
Abstract # 132 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:35 AM - 10:05 AM - Hibicus
Streamlining the Use of AI/Machine Learning in the Chemical Industry: Chemometrics
Artificial intelligence and machine learning are inevitable results of the work driven by the consumer side of our economy. The question is not whether it will impact refining and chemical plant operation, but how soon and how long it will take for the benefits to outstrip the costs. The goal is to provide practical guidance for making progress in this complicated set of fields. Chemometrics is critical to interpreting output from any type of spectrometer and improves the flow of information providing a significant leg up for process understanding. The key is to fully automate spectroscopic calibration.
Abstract # 133 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 8:30 AM - 9:00 AM - Daffodil
The heartbeat of the process environment is in the data we collect, but we are not always efficient in translating our data streams into actionable information. The richest source of hydrocarbon process information comes from spectrometers and chromatographs and, for many applications, gas chromatography is the cheapest, most adaptable, and most reliable technology available. We can use tech borrowed from other fields to provide more consistent and objective GC results, automate translation of the raw traces into real-time information streams, and create databases that can be used across plant sites or even across industries.
Abstract # 134 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:20 AM - 8:40 AM - Wisteria
Electron ionization (EI) is the most popular method used in GC-MS, and compounds are often identified using an EI mass spectral database. Because molecular ions are often weak or absent in EI data, identification of unknowns can be difficult by EI alone. Soft ionization (SI) can be helpful for obtaining the molecular ions when EI cannot. However, structural formulae still had to be determined manually using chemical compositions after the EI and SI data analysis. Recently, we have developed a new automated structure analysis workflow, which uses machine learning to predict EI mass spectra from chemical structures. In this study, we introduce a polymer materials application using this workflow.
Abstract # 135 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 2:45 PM - 3:30 PM - Floral Hall A1
Overview of an integrated non-targeted PFAS analysis workflow coupling molecular networks and conventional techniques.​ Unlike traditional targets where reference standards are available, less than 200 PFAS standards exist for the more than 10,000 known PFAS, underscoring the need for a non-targeted workflow. Conventional non-targeted PFAS analysis workflows rely on signature fragments, homologous series with progressive retention times (RT) tied to chain length, a negative mass defect (MD), and Kendrick MD. These approaches are individually successful at identifying PFAS, but merging them requires expert knowledge. Here we describe the coupling of molecular networking with conventional and novel PFAS analysis techniques in an integrated workflow. Leveraging negative mode data for landfill waste extracts was acquired in Full MS dd-MS2 on a Thermo Scientific™ Q Exactive™ Plus. Data was analyzed via the PFAS Unknown ID w Database Searches and Molecular Networks workflow in Thermo Scientific™ Compound Discoverer™ software.​
Abstract # 136 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 11:45 AM - 12:05 PM - Hibiscus
FTIR spectroscopy for in-service lubricant analysis
Over the past 40 years, FTIR methods have been widely used to analyze used lubricants and contaminants therein, allowing users to identify potential lubricant issues or mechanical failures. The ASTM Standard E2412, released almost 20 years ago, has set the industry-standard method for monitoring additive depletion, base stock degradation and contaminant build-up using FTIR spectroscopy. Consequently, FTIR spectroscopy has been a critical tool for predictive maintenance programs across industries. This seminar offers an overview of the current FTIR methods for in-service lubricant analysis. It covers how FTIR results are generated and how mechanical equipment and lubricant condition can be assessed from the results. Furthermore, a new FTIR analysis system for in-service lubricant analysis using Nicolet Summit X FTIR spectrometer and Affirma software is introduced. The new system offers time-efficient analysis with three different sampling options and simplified software that streamlines sample analysis, thereby reducing operating costs and allowing predictive maintenance decisions to be made more quickly.
Abstract # 137 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 8:15 AM - 9:00 AM - Bluebonnet
- Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
The traditional petrochemical analysis, focusing mainly on saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, often overlooked intricate polar compounds. However, the advent of Magnetic Resonance Mass Spectrometry has pioneered the era of Petroleomics, enabling comprehensive molecular-level characterization of oil, encompassing thousands of compounds. This transformation has rejuvenated various segments of the petroleum industry, from exploration to refining. Enhanced by machine learning, these tools offer over 90% accuracy in oil classification, accuracy in oil classifications, precise property predictions, proactive issue forecasting for field operations, and meticulous product quality evaluations. Essentially, this synergy between advanced mass spectrometry, the SolariX 2XR system, petroleomics, and computational tools is setting new standards for the petrochemical sector.
Abstract # 138 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 12:30 PM - 12:55 PM - Bluebonnet
Portable Fuel Property Analyzer
- Spectro-Intelligence LLC
- Real Time Analyzers
The Portable Fuel Property Analyzer (PFPA) provides rapid fuel analysis anywhere it’s needed: The plant, port, or field. Analysis is obtained in seconds using only a 2 mL fuel sample. The PFPA uses Near Infrared Spectroscopy combined with Advanced Multivariate Analysis to determine key fuel properties that influence engine performance. The PFPA property determinations were developed and validated according to ASTM D8321 “Standard Practice Validation of the performance of Multivariate Online, At-Line, Field and Laboratory Infrared Spectrophotometers and Raman Spectrometers Based Analyzer Systems” using the property values of a diverse matrix of over 800 fuels from around the world are determined by traditional ASTM methods.
Abstract # 140 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM - Hibiscus
Practical Techniques for Infrared Spectral Interpretation
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is utilized to study and analyze molecular vibrations. Depending on characteristics of the molecule such as mass, bonding strength and shape will determine where the FTIR peaks lie in the spectrum. These peaks can determine what functional groups exist along with chemical identification via FTIR spectroscopic libraries. This presentation will give an introduction on FTIR spectral interpretation and using spectroscopic libraries for functional group and chemical identification.
Abstract # 141 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:00 AM - 8:20 AM - Rose
Determination of chloride and sulfate in saturated lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide solutions
- ThermoFisher Scientific
- Thermon Fisher Scientific
Lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide are important compounds for industry. They are used in many applications including rechargeable lithium-ion and lithium polymer batteries, which are an increasing part of our daily life as we use more portable electronic devices, including mobile phones. These batteries are also important for the electric car industry. Therefore, it is important that these compounds are low in corrosive strong acid anions that could impact product performance and longevity. This presentation describes the development and validation of two ion chromatography methods desired by both battery recyclers and chemical suppliers: one for the determination of chloride and sulfate in saturated lithium carbonate solution, and one for the determination of the same anions in lithium hydroxide solution. Both methods use an anion-exchange column for anion separation followed by suppressed conductivity detection. The two methods have different instrument configurations and sample preparation steps to address the issues unique to each sample. These methods have low µg/L sensitivities for chloride, sulfate, and other possible contaminating anions.
Abstract # 142 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 10:05 AM - 10:30 AM - Hibicus
Rapid compositional analysis of Natural Gas at wellhead sites using a mobile Raman Analyzer
Raman spectroscopy is gaining more traction in the analysis of industrial processes, due to the speed of measurement and the stability of the device. Natural gas is an important energy source, and its accurate analysis is essential to producers. Raman spectroscopy requires no consumables and can analyze C1-C6+, nitrogen and CO2 in seconds. Furthermore, data analysis can be simplified to simple peak integration routines. We will present case studies of the use of a mobile Raman analyzer in a truck bed performing compositional analysis at wellhead sites and a comparison of results between Raman and GC
Abstract # 143 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 1:15 PM - 1:35 PM - Rose
Breakthroughs in Material Compatibility of Inert Coatings for Sampling and Analytical Systems
- SilcoTek Corporation
- SilcoTek Corporation
For decades, silicon-based coatings have enabled accurate trace-level quantification of chemicals that otherwise pose analytical challenges to the stainless steel construction of most sampling system flow paths. Engineers now desire similar coating solutions for non-steel materials like aluminum, nickel-copper alloys (Monel®), and more, especially as supply chains for stainless steel parts have become strained. This presentation introduces new advancements in substrate compatibility of CVD coating technology and related performance data in process analyzer applications. Coating capabilities of Monel and aluminum substrates are highlighted, and the analytical performance of CVD-coated tubing is compared to that of electropolished tubing.
Abstract # 144 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 9:00 AM - 9:30 AM - Iris
Standard methods for measurement of per- and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) utilize liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS). This technique is for specific PFAS, very sensitive, and highly accurate. However, it is expensive and time-consuming. Given the diverse range PFAS (>5000), preclude the use of LC-MSMS as a practical first option for analysis. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a universal, rapid, and cost-effective PFAS screening tool. We propose the development of pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectroscopy tool as a PFAS screening tool. Analysis for organic fluorine through py-GCMS can serve as a reliable marker for fluorinated organic compounds present in environmental samples.
Abstract # 145 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 9:00 AM - 9:20 AM - Daffodil
Analyzing Recycled Polymers using Pyrolysis-GC/MS
The global economy cannot subsist without plastic, and the petrochemical industry meets demand with millions of tons of plastic produced each year. However, this demand for plastic is equally met with that of managing plastic waste. Facilitating polymer recycling and movement towards a circular plastic economy is an expectation placed upon the petrochemical and consumer products industries. In the laboratory, measuring and qualifying polymer recyclability is crucial, whether that is by assessing differences between recycled and virgin resin, measuring microplastics in the environment, or understanding commercial and industrial waste. In this presentation, we look to Pyrolysis GC/MS for recycled polymer applications. These methods determine the type and amounts of polymers in microplastics and recycled samples, as well as identify contaminants and additives.
Abstract # 147 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 12:55 PM - 1:40 PM - Bluebonnet
- INTELIGENT PROCESS & CONTROL CONSULTANTS INC.
- 4IR Solutions, Ltd.
Advanced spectroscopic analyzers provide real-time, multi-property measurements from crude feed (blending) through product manufacturing. New technologies continue to move measurements from historical product blending locations, mid-stream and front end process units. Properly placed advanced analyzers at the refinery front end provide robust, real-time analyses for:
• crude oil feed to crude units,
• heavy oil processing units,
• mid-stream upgrading units,
providing direct performance benefits to LP, Advanced Process Control and Real-Time Optimization.
This presentation highlights instrumentation, measurement locations, and integration to LP, APC and Optimization enabling:
• significant increased throughput,
• >99% measurement availability,
• improved safety, reliability, and performance.
Abstract # 149 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:00 AM - 9:30 AM - Floral Hall A1
Pushing Your ICP-MS to Lower Limits on Light and Middle Distillates
Direct analysis of organic solvents by ICP-MS has become a widely adopted technique. However, petroleum derived solvents and distillates introduce unique challenges and interferences, in addition to sample preparation considerations. In this session will we discuss how to improve ICP-MS methods for light and middle distillates, and hardware/software features that assist the analyst in their daily workflow.
Abstract # 150 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 1:30 PM - 2:00 PM - Floral Hall A1
Analysis of Trace Permanent Gas Impurities in Fuel Cell Hydrogen by GC/PDHID
An Agilent 8890 GC fitted with a plug and play pulsed discharge helium ionization
detector (PDHID) was used to detect ppb to low-ppm concentration carbon dioxide,
carbon monoxide, methane, argon, oxygen, nitrogen, and other impurities in high purity hydrogen. The GC method provided low detection limits, good reproducibility,
and excellent linearity, meeting the requirements specified in GB/T 3634.2-2011,
GB/T 37244-2018, and ISO 14687-2019.
Abstract # 151 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 10:45 AM - 11:30 AM - Floral Hall A1
Ten Ways to Streamline Your Workflow with OpenLab CDS
OpenLab CDS includes built-in tools for sample submission, data collection, and data analysis and interpretation all designed to save time and improve sample throughput in busy lab environments. This presentation reviews ten features available in OpenLab CDS that can help you increase efficiency in your lab.
Abstract # 152 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 9:00 AM - 9:45 AM - Floral Hall A1
Agilent 8355 Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detector Best Practices
Discussion about the best practices on the Agilent 8355 Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detector.
Abstract # 153 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 10:15 AM - 10:45 AM - Floral Hall A1
Trace metals in gasoline are not only a major source of environmental pollution they can also cause automotive engine failures. ICP-OES is often used for the elemental analysis in petroleum products due to its reliability, robustness, and sensitivity. However, high volatility of gasoline can affect the stability of signal and lead to carbon build up on the torch that may cause the plasma to extinguish. A programmable temperature-controlled spray chamber (IsoMist) was used to reduce vapor loading of gasoline and oxygen was added to reduce carbon build up in the torch injector, maintaining a stable plasma and a clean sample introduction system.
Abstract # 154 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 8:30 AM - 9:00 AM - Floral Hall A1
A Technical Exploration of SCD - Sensitivity, Linearity, and Equimolarity
Sulfur chemiluminescence detection (SCD) is a key technology for the petroleum industry because it is sensitive and selective to sulfur. Most petrochemical QA/QC laboratories utilize multiple GC-SCD instruments for testing sulfur content of flares, process streams, and final products, and yet the SCD’s capabilities and limitations are often misunderstood despite decades of deployment. This presentation will cover the fundamentals of the detector response curve, how its features translate into concepts such as “sensitivity” and “linearity”, and how those concepts intersect with one of the SCD’s most important features – “equimolarity”. Understanding what these figures of merit mean, how they’re used, and how they impact calibration will help users with both method development and troubleshooting for their GC-SCD systems. Though this topic can be deeply technical, this presentation aims to simplify these abstract concepts and is intended for all laboratory personnel.
Abstract # 155 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:00 PM - 2:45 PM - Floral Hall A1
GC Column Selection: Choosing the "Right" Column
The most common reason the capillary GC column is chosen for a given application is that it was in the GC when the sample showed up. Not a very technical or even logical reason. This presentation will go through the logical choices of stationary phase type, film thickness, internal diameter and length and the pros and cons involved.
Abstract # 156 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:30 AM - 10:00 AM - Floral Hall A1
Optimizing Analysis of Oils and Organic Solvents by Smart ICP-OES
Directly analyzing organic solvents by ICP-OES can be challenging for several reasons ranging from plasma stability, carbon deposition on the injector and torch, and complex spectral background from carbon emission lines. However, the analysis of neat organic solvents in the Petrochemical, Lithium Ion Battery, and Food Market is common as it is an alternative to the time-consuming digestion/ashing methods, which may have significant dilution factors that elevate the detection limits. This talk will discuss how a Smart ICP-OES like the Agilent 5800/5900 instruments can easily overcome these issues through proper hardware selection, optimized plasma instrument parameters, and intelligent background correction techniques.
Abstract # 157 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:45 AM - 10:25 AM - Iris
Optimizing Your Karl Fischer Titration for Refining and Petrochemical Samples
Water content is an important specification for most refining and petrochemical products, as off spec material can cause rusting, corrosion, and even bacteria growth issues downstream. Karl Fischer titration is the recommended moisture measurement technique used to reliably and accurately determine water content. However, this analysis can be challenging for certain oil samples. In this talk, learn how to optimize your reagent system to get accurate water content results in challenging oil samples quickly and repeatably.
Abstract # 158 - Seminar
10/11/2023 - 8:10 AM - 8:40 AM - Hibiscus
The automation of wet chemistry workflows yields significant benefits in the realms of reliability, reproducibility, and result sensitivity when compared to conventional manual techniques such as titration. Moreover, this automation drives enhanced laboratory productivity by liberating personnel to engage in value-added tasks while analysis continues seamlessly. This presentation delves into the utilization of automated discrete analyzers, alongside regulatory-compliant system methodologies, for the precise determination of crucial parameters including scaling factors, corrosion inhibitors, indicators, and contaminants within the context of industrial process water and wastewater analysis.
Participants will gain insights into the recent technology advances of discrete analysis which enable increased workflow automation, reduced manual workaround, and improved adherence to regulatory standards. By exploring the capabilities of discrete analyzers, laboratories can streamline multi-parameter testing onto a single automation platform, thereby providing a faster, easier, and turnkey solution to traditional wet chemistry techniques. This transition not only enhances productivity but also offers a compelling opportunity for cost reduction.
Abstract # 159 - Workshop
10/10/2023 - 12:45 PM - 1:15 PM - Wisteria
Save Time and Increase Throughput with Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Testing
With test times measured in hours, ASTM D525 oxidation stability testing has always been a bottleneck in sample analysis. Now gaining widespread acceptance, Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Testing (RSSOT) is becoming a favorite method for fuel testing (ASTM D7525 & D7545).
The RSSOT features an efficient way to determine the oxidation stability under accelerated conditions according to several sample specific methods. The high temperature range, less than 5 minutes for set up and cleaning, and the fully automatic measurement are major benefits. Test times are generally 12 to 20 times shorter than traditional oxidation stability test methods.
Beyond fuels, various further investigation possibilities are opened up with this method to ensure the necessary lifetime of a grease including a standard method ASTM D8206. A new standard method involving catalytically active metal to determine the remaining lifetime is under development.
Abstract # 160 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 8:15 AM - 9:00 AM - Wisteria
Analysis of plastic waste pyrolysis oil (PWPO) and renewable fuels
- Petroleum Analyzer Company
- PAC
- PAC
In this presentation PAC will address the emerging use of waste plastic pyrolysis oil as an alternative feedstock in the petrochemicals industry. In a world increasingly focused on sustainable practices & circular economy solutions, our practical approach offers promising alternatives for a greener future. Our research presents a comprehensive framework covering leading methods such as ASTM D5443, D7500, D86, D7345, GC x GC, D4629, D5453, and D5762.
Promising results have been obtained from our studies. By leveraging GC x GC & frontend-Reformulyzer, we successfully achieved olefins separation for heavy fractions. Additionally, our mini distillation offerings, as a quick and efficient technique requiring only 10 mL of sample, facilitated distillation within 10 minutes opening new doors for process engineers to optimize their units. Simulated distillation highlighted intrinsic properties of waste plastic pyrolysis oil (WPPO) samples, revealing high paraffinic content and entrained heavy ends in light cuts enabling researchers for screening studies of various samples. Traditional distillation also successfully performed paving the way to secure product quality in the best efficient way for manufacturers. Elemental analysis were done for a better understanding of the purity of the samples which is one of the biggest challenges of the industry as an impediment against the dissemination of this emerging technology. These findings contribute to a better understanding of waste plastic pyrolysis oil characteristics, allowing for informed decision-making.
Our pursuit of innovation & uptime & efficiency drives these advancements. By harnessing the potential of WPPO and these refined methodologies, the industry can actively contribute to a more responsible future. Join us in shaping a brighter and more efficient path for the petrochemical sector powered by plastic circularity.
Abstract # 161 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:45 PM - 3:30 PM - Floral Hall A1
This presentation will provide a summary of a new liquid chromatography test method used to test for the asphaltene content of crude oil from ppm to percent level concentration capability. This proposed new ASTM test method covers a procedure for the determination of the heptane insoluble asphaltene content of gas oil, diesel fuel, residual fuel oils, lubricating oil, bitumen, and crude petroleum. The test method provides enhanced performance compared to the ASTM D6560 glassware reflux extraction test method. This test method is currently being developed into a proposed ASTM standard test method under work item #87226.
Abstract # 162 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 9:20 AM - 9:40 AM - Daffodil
Detailed chemical characterisation of pyrolysis oils from mixed plastic waste using GC×GC–TOF MS
- SepSolve Analytical
- Schauenburg Analytics
- SepSolve Analytical
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
Pyrolysis oils from solid waste plastic are considered a form of renewable energy and can serve as an alternative for fossil fuels in various industrial processes (e.g, power generation) or as a feedstock for the petrochemical industry.
However, their composition may vary depending on the plastic feedstock used and the pyrolysis process. Importantly, the presence of trace impurities, such as sulfur and nitrogen compounds, can affect the quality of the oil and its applicability.
Here, we demonstrate the use of GC×GC–TOF MS for detailed non-target characterisation of pyrolysis oils, to identify possible contaminants and help to refine process design.
Abstract # 165 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 9:15 AM - 9:35 AM - Rose
ASTM Crude Oil Proficiency Testing Program: ICP (D5708B) vs. XRF (D8252) for Ni and V
ASTM sends crude oil proficiency testing program (CO PTP) samples out three times a year to be tested at laboratories around the world for many properties, including Ni and V by ASTM D5708 and D8252. D5708 method B, acid decomposition and ICP-OES, is also specified in the NYMEX light sweet crude oil futures contract specifications. This method is complicated and time consuming, and it is not ideal for pipeline terminal laboratories. ASTM D8252, Ni and V by XRF, offers a faster, easier to use solution and is gaining traction in the testing community. Join Leslie McHenry, XOS Applications Supervisor, as she shares the latest CO PTP data and discusses the correlation, precision, and scopes of these two methods for Ni and V.
Abstract # 166 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 11:00 AM - 11:45 AM - Tulip
Moisture Analysis Reimagined: Instant NIR Measurements for Quality Control & Process Upgrades
Moisture analysis in the petrochemical industry is crucial to quality control and process optimization. Traditionally, moisture is performed by Karl Fischer Titration (KFT) in an offline lab, causing delays between receiving data and process implementation. Online near-infrared (NIR) measurements provide real-time results but usually require significant effort to calibrate, especially at low levels. In this talk, we demonstrate how to eliminate the calibration effort by auto-building prediction models down to ~5 ppm without manual sampling. One notable advantage is the method transferability, allowing an easy but effective transfer of the initial model to various production environments, and between analyzers.
Abstract # 167 - Seminar
10/11/2023 - 2:00 PM - 2:30 PM - Tulip
Spectroscopy in Petrochemicals: Elevating Quality, Boosting Efficiency, and Driving Profits
Raman and NIR spectroscopy are crucial tools for the petrochemical industry. Raman offers insights into molecular structures, aiding in refining and contamination detection. NIR facilitates real-time monitoring during processes like distillation and catalytic conversion. Both technologies are implemented online to achieve simple, fast, and reliable results. This enables quick adjustments to the process and results in better quality products and higher profitability. This talk will showcase how spectroscopic applications enhance efficiency and improve the performance of products like crude oil, refined petroleum, lubricants, and more. We'll explore benefits such as meeting trade specifications, safeguarding financial value, and reducing operational costs.
Abstract # 169 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 1:00 PM - 1:45 PM - Tulip
Keep it Simple: Useful Techniques for Accurate & Reliable Karl Fischer Analysis
Is your Karl Fischer titration taking too long? Does poor reproducibility slow down KF method validation? Have you optimized sample preparation to ensure total moisture is titrated? KF titration is a common laboratory measurement used for many different oil and refinery products. Optimizing KF measurements is key to increasing lab productivity and maintaining product quality and process control. While a moisture measurement is straightforward, getting the right result quickly and reliably can be a challenge. Attend this talk to learn the importance of parameter optimization, reagent selection and sample preparation to get reliable and accurate moisture analysis.
Abstract # 170 - Seminar
10/11/2023 - 10:30 AM - 12:00 PM - Tulip
Comprehensive Karl Fischer Analysis of Petroleum Products
Performing accurate Karl Fischer titrations in the petrochemical industry means going beyond the basics. Troubleshooting difficult samples requires an understanding of how sample preparation and special reagent systems can improve your titration results. Issues like solubility, viscosity and side reactions can be alleviated with the right level of know-how. Do you need a solubility promoter? Do you need an oven? Attend this short course to find the answers to these questions and learn how to optimize your sample preparation techniques and your reagent system for your sample types. And yes, we’ll still cover the basics!
Abstract # 171 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 2:45 PM - 3:15 PM - Tulip
Improved Corrosion Monitoring of Amines Using Ion Chromatography
Oil pipelines and refineries require constant monitoring and upkeep to maintain successful operations. To minimize corrosive gases and neutralize hydrogen sulfide vapor, amines are routinely added during the transport of crude oil. However, if too much amine is added, corrosion rates may accelerate. Therefore, it is in the industry’s best interest to monitor these compounds at various locations. Cooperation continues between ASTM and industry partners to develop a standard practice for extraction of water-soluble amines in crude oil. This talk addresses the impact of amines on crude refinement and the versatility of ion chromatography to monitor these species.
Abstract # 172 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 2:00 PM - 2:45 PM - Tulip
Standardized Test Methods Using Combustion Ion Chromatography for Petrochemical Analysis
Combustion Ion chromatography (CIC) is used extensively for monitoring halides and sulfur in petrochemicals. The ability to independently measure fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and sulfur in a variety of sample matrices by one analysis is unique to CIC, which allows producers and buyers to verify product quality and justify their price. Many standardized test methods (STM’s) have been published so that CIC-generated data is reliable and precise across the industry. This talk describes three such methods to analyze petroleum distillates, liquified petroleum gas (LPG), and organic solvents and includes real-world examples.
Abstract # 173 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 8:00 AM - 8:30 AM - Floral Hall A1
Converting 8355 SCD Carrier Gas from Helium to Hydrogen
- Agilent Technologies
- Agilent Technologies
- Agilent Technologies
Concerns regarding the cost and availability of helium have resulted in many GC users considering conversion to hydrogen as the carrier gas. After several tests with 8355 SCD using hydrogen, this presentation will discuss the steps required in this conversion and some of the limitations to be expected when use it as a carrier gas.
Abstract # 174 - Seminar
10/11/2023 - 2:30 PM - 3:30 PM - Tulip
Use of combustion ion chromatography (CIC) instruments for monitoring corrosion inhibitors in petrochemical laboratories continues to grow. While modern CIC instruments are more fully automated, users can still be somewhat intimidated by their complexity. Understanding of the basic concepts of their operation paired with some basic troubleshooting skills can go a long way to instill operator confidence. This training session will review the concepts behind CIC operation and introduce practical application of the technique to measure halides and sulfur in different petrochemical materials. The session will also cover a few basic troubleshooting tips to keep your CIC in top shape.
Abstract # 175 - Seminar
10/11/2023 - 3:30 PM - 4:00 PM - Tulip
Measuring Corrosion Inhibitors in Oil Pipelines and Refineries
Corrosion monitoring is key to maintaining successful operation of oil pipelines and refineries. Amines are routinely added to neutralize hydrogen sulfide vapor for transport of crude oil and are typically used to strip hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and other acidic gases in the refining process. However, too much amine present in a particular location can increase corrosion rates. Therefore, monitoring these corrosion sources is in the industry’s best interest. With participation from producers and instrument vendors, work continues at ASTM to develop a standard practice for extraction of water-soluble amines in crude oil. This presentation will address the impact of amines in crude transport and refinement and the application of ion chromatography to measure these compounds.
Abstract # 176 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:20 AM - 8:50 AM - Rose
Digestion of Petroleum Samples for Element Analysis with ICP
Sample preparation for ICP is a very important part of analysis. Specifically, petroleum samples have some intricacies that can be benefited best with microwave digestions. Join us to see a sample before and after digestion and discuss some benefits a microwave adds to sample preparation and how to best utilize this technology to save you time, effort and costs.
Abstract # 177 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 1:35 PM - 2:05 PM - Rose
Automating Petroleum Wax Penetration Testing
Are you still using doing a manual penetration test for petroleum waxes? This presentation will discuss how save time and increase reproducibility by upgrading to an automated penetration testing device. Automation guarantees consistent and precise measurements, minimizing human-induced variability and enhancing overall reliability. Learn how to save time and increase reproducibility with automated penetration testing.
Abstract # 178 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:50 AM - 10:20 AM - Bluebonnet
Increase Accuracy and Efficiency with Multiparameter Measurements
Complex samples often require multiple measurements and time-consuming analysis to understand. The automatic combination of density, viscosity, refractive index, sound velocity and/or optical rotation can quickly and repeatably determine even low concentration components.
This presentation will highlight how you can save time and increase the quality of data by using multiparameter measurement systems with automatic data processing. Learn how to configure these systems so that you insert your sample and export data - no more manual calculation or measurements on multiple instruments. We will discuss several example cases including aqueous sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and even carbon type composition.
Abstract # 179 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 1:00 PM - 1:30 PM - Bluebonnet
D86 Distillation Optimization: What does it mean and how does it affect results?
This presentation will review techniques for optimization of D86 distillation. Optimization is important for consistent distillation analysis of unique or contaminated samples. This session will highlight automated optimization parameters and discuss the applicability and outcomes of applying each technique. With a better understanding of how method optimization affects distillation results, attendees will leave with confidence in knowing when to use automated or manual optimization and. The discussion will also include which parameters can be optimized while still complying with D86 requirements and best practices for difficult samples.
Attendees will gain insights into leveraging optimization strategies to elevate the overall performance of automated D86 distillation processes in petroleum testing.
Abstract # 180 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 2:05 PM - 2:35 PM - Rose
Improved Productivity with Automated Flashpoint
The presentation highlights the advantages of an automated flash point tester over manual testing methods.
Discussion will focus on how automation can increase precision and consistency in flash point measurements by minimizing human error while also enhancing safety and reducing risk in the lab. Automated measurements also enable automatic data handling and even remote monitoring of results.
By ensuring repeatable adherence to published standards, automated flashpoint testers can eliminate human errors which lead to costly mistakes in reported values. This presentation will provide detail on unique aspects of automated flashpoint testing such as alternate ignition techniques, automated fire detection and suppression as well as options for increased workflow productivity.
Abstract # 184 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:20 AM - 9:50 AM - Bluebonnet
Increasing Productivity Using Automatic Single Sample Handling for Density and Viscosity
This presentation highlights the benefits of single-sample automation in density and viscosity measurements.
Many labs are stuck between having too many samples for manual injection and not having enough value to invest in a multi-sample automation solution. This presentation will highlight the potential benefits of using a single sample automation solution. Attendees will learn how to increase efficiency by automating cleaning and greatly reducing the amount of interaction with the instrument that a technician must have for each measurement.
Other potential specialty systems will also be discussed for difficult samples which may be highly viscous or require elevated temperature for sample injection.
Attendees can expect to leave with a better understanding of the continuum of sample automation and how to better choose the solution that will fit their lab’s unique challenges.
Abstract # 185 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 2:35 PM - 3:05 PM - Rose
Move beyond D445 with the Simplicity of D7042
Are you tired of waiting for D445 measurements to be complete? Spending too much time cleaning capillaries? Worried about the risk and expense of broken glass?
This presentation will discuss the widely accepted viscosity method D7042 and how it relates to D445 in major standards such as fuels or lubricants. Leave the troubles of D445 behind with the simplicity and accuracy of D7042.
Abstract # 186 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 10:20 AM - 10:50 AM - Bluebonnet
Increasing Density and Viscosity Throughput with Difficult SamplesÂ
In the fast-paced landscape of petroleum analysis, optimizing laboratory throughput while maintaining accuracy is paramount. This presentation will highlight the potential of heated autosampler units to significantly enhance laboratory efficiency in density and viscosity measurements of challenging petroleum samples. By addressing the unique challenges posed by dense and viscous petroleum products, this time-tested solution offers an effective approach to streamline analysis processes.
This presentation will specifically address common samples including heavy crude oils, fuel oils, and petroleum waxes.
Abstract # 188 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:10 AM - 9:35 AM - Hibiscus
Lube Oil Monitoring via Raman Spectroscopy
- Process Instruments, Inc.
- Process Instruments, Inc.
- Process Instruments, Inc.
Raman spectroscopy, a scattering technique, employs a laser source of predetermined wavelength, typically 785 nm, to induce molecular vibrations. This leads to the emission of scattered photons, that generate Raman spectra which when matched to key stream property analysis results can be used to build quantitative models. However due to fluorescence in refining applications, this methodology is most suitable for process samples no heavier than Light Gas Oils. Fluorescence is many orders of magnitude stronger than Raman and can potentially swamp the Raman spectrum. To overcome this issue Process Instruments Inc. has worked on an analyzer better suited for longer chained samples, using 1064 nm excitation to circumvent the impact of fluorescence and still be able to obtain reliable Raman vibrational data. The spectra collected from various refinery samples will show that while fluorescence can still be detected, its intensity is much lower, allowing for Raman peaks to be clearly captured. Such an application can be found in the Lube Oils plant, where data sets of finished oils collected for a period of 10 weeks exhibit strong correlation, low predictive error, and minimal fluorescence interference.
Abstract # 189 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 1:40 PM - 2:10 PM - Bluebonnet
Sample preparation presents many challenges in laboratories ranging from hours of dedicated lab personnel time to issues with accuracy and precision across multiple complicated sample preparation methods. Automating sample preparation significantly reduces prep time and eliminates human errors to increase the accuracy and precision of prepared samples. Elemental Scientific has developed two new automated systems. One system gravimetrically dilutes samples and the other handles any volumetric preparation needs including dilution, acidification, and more. These highly flexible systems allow for customized methods to function for all types of labs all while providing improved results in less time.
Abstract # 190 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:40 AM - 9:10 AM - Wisteria
- Process Insights
- Process Insights
- Process Insights
- Process Insights
- Process Insights
Fast analysis is critical for process optimization. While GC-MS or LC-MS may help distinguish what chemical species are present in a sample composition, these techniques take several minutes to complete an analysis and are not designed for fast process monitoring. An online, stand-alone mass spectrometer allows operations to cut costs, increase production, and maintain a safe working environment through the continuous, automated monitoring of multiple stages of production. As a flexible gas analysis technique, stand-alone mass spectrometers are also used to optimize manufacturing processes by providing the data necessary for R&D and methods that easily transfer directly from pilot production to full scale. Live readings of process composition enable real-time process adjustments and “on the fly” optimizations to maximize up-time and on-spec product gas yields. This presentation will discuss the performance capabilities of the Process Insights Mass Spectrometers as well as their flexibility for multiple applications.
Abstract # 191 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 9:30 AM - 10:00 AM - Iris
Ambient Air Monitoring for Environmental, Health, and Safety Using Mass Spectrometry
Ambient air monitoring has come to the forefront of discussions relating to environmental, health, and worker safety in several industries including hydrocarbon processing, polymer production, and semiconductor fabrication facilities. While single point monitors are considered industry standard, they are often expensive and maintenance intensive. A mass spectrometer offers a single point analyzer for multiple components, flexibility for additional species that may need to be monitored in the future, and a centralized maintenance point. The Process Insights Extrel™ Max300 series offers analytical flexibility with minimal downtime in general purpose and classified areas. With lower detection limits that often outperform OSHA requirements, the mass spectrometer also offers linearity in the event of an excursion or chemical release. This presentation will discuss the performance capabilities of the Process Insights Extrel™ Max300 series on various chemicals of interest across different industries and the benefits of utilizing mass spectrometry in life safety applications.
Abstract # 192 - Training Course
10/11/2023 - 8:55 AM - 9:25 AM - Daffodil
Convert Your Lab Bench Into an Electronic Workspace
Oil & Gas and Chemical development labs are busy places that create new molecules, formulations, and products that boost the organization’s bottom line, but are these labs as efficient as they should be? There is an urgent need for digital optimization within the lab to move beyond legacy systems and stay ahead of the competition. In this presentation, learn about SampleVision and LabTwin, two products that optimize all stages of experiments—from a remote sample capture portal, through bench prep for analysis, hands-free documentation, and test results retrieval from anywhere within the facility using a mobile device.
Abstract # 193 - Training Course
10/11/2023 - 8:25 AM - 8:55 AM - Daffodil
Practical Integration Strategies Between Your LIMS and Your Business Operations
There are many internal and external integration points across the laboratory, for example, links from instruments to a LIMS, links to an MES, and links to an ERP. This talk will examine the best-in-class setups we have seen and provide practical strategies for connecting multiple lab and business systems together to optimize and automate data flows inside and outside the laboratory.
Abstract # 194 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:10 AM - 9:30 AM - Wisteria
- CONSCI, LTD.
- LECO Corporation
- LECO Corporation
- CONSCI, LTD.
Diagnosing stimulation and quality of hydraulic fracking is a tool frequently used to evaluate the production of oil from reservoirs. Quantitative analysis of the produced oil using diagnostic chemicals is one method to evaluate the mechanisms of production rates of the treated reservoirs. Although challenging it has become an achievable task based on new analytical techniques. The two main difficulties are of course specificity and sensitivity. In this study, analytical strategies based on different detection techniques using Mass Spectrometry and ICP-MS are evaluated using twenty four halogenated aromatics. Advantages and disadvantages of each will be discussed.
Abstract # 195 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:30 AM - 8:55 AM - Bluebonnet
Analysis of Elemental Impurities in Polymer Products by XRF
- Bruker AXS LLC
- Bruker AXS GmbH
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a non-destructive analytical technique for the determination of additives and trace element contaminants in polymers. It helps improving polymer production processes, facilitates final product quality control, and ensures compliance with regulatory standards. This presentation will focus on the use of XRF for the analysis of elemental impurities. Such impurities can significantly affect the properties, performance, and toxicity of polymer products. Production residues that require monitoring down to the low-ppm level include Mg, Ti, Cr and several more. We will show typical use cases of Wavelength-Dispersive XRF and discuss when Energy Dispersive XRF can do the job.
Abstract # 196 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:55 AM - 9:20 AM - Bluebonnet
Fast and Reliable Nickel and Vanadium Monitoring in Refinery Processes by XRF Spectrometry.
- Bruker AXS LLC
- Bruker AXS GmbH
The ASTM D8252 standard provides guidelines for analyzing the elemental composition of crude and residual oil, focusing on low concentration levels of Nickel and Vanadium. These elements have gained importance due to the exploitation of new crude oil sources. Nickle and Vanadium can have a negative impact on the catalysts used in the Fluid Catalytic Cracker and hydrotreater units during the refining process. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor the levels of these elements. The focus of this presentation is on the use of polarized Energy-Dispersive XRF for analyzing low levels of Ni and V in accordance with ASTM D8252.
Abstract # 197 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 10:10 AM - 10:30 AM - Daffodil
- The University of Texas at Arlington
- The University of Texas at Arlington
- The University of Texas at Arlington
- Lummus Technology
- The University of Texas at Arlington
As the concerns over fossil fuels increase, interest in alternative fuels such as pyrolysis oil have increased. Understanding the chemical composition of these oils is required to process the oils into workable fuels and feedstocks. This study uses an offline two-dimensional technique with supercritical fluid chromatography as the first dimension and gas chromatography – vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy/mass spectrometry as the second dimension. Various supercritical fluid chromatography column chemistries were evaluated for separation prior to fractionation. These chemistries along with the UV/VUV/ and MS spectral data, provided insight into these plastic waste pyrolysis oils.
Abstract # 198 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 10:30 AM - 11:00 AM - Hibiscus
Remodelling FFA and Magnesium after Feedstock Change
Globally there is a growing focus on moving away from the use of traditional petrochemical and fossil fuel-based energy sources due to their unsustainable, environmentally damaging and non-renewable nature. A more sustainable alternative that is gaining traction is renewable diesel, which is produced from agricultural triglycerides including fats, oils and greases. Typically, these feedstocks are hydrotreated to form mixtures of paraffinic hydrocarbons in the diesel boiling range. Due to the variety of feedstocks used to produce renewable diesel, a pre-treatment step is essential to remove various contaminants responsible for the fouling of equipment and the deactivation of valuable catalysts in downstream operations. This usually involves various degumming and bleaching processes to remove these impurities. Monitoring the pre-treatment process is therefore paramount to ensuring the process runs efficiently. Some of the impurities measured at this stage are phosphorus (P), water (H2O), free fatty acids (FFA) and various metals. Traditionally, these are measured off-line using titrations and inductively coupled plasma techniques which can be slow and laborious. Continually monitoring these impurities online can result in a better understanding of the process, enabling real time analysis and effective process control. Here we present the use of a static-optics inline FTIR instrument to calibrate for contaminants in renewable diesel feedstocks. We show that the calibration models are independent of feedstock, making them ideal for renewable diesel production where feedstock types tend to vary.
Abstract # 199 - Workshop
10/11/2023 - 1:30 PM - 2:30 PM - Bluebonnet
ASTM D1159 Bromine Number – Proposed Back Titration
- Lummus Technology
- Tor Systems
Bromine number is used to measure the aliphatic unsaturation in petroleum samples up to 315°C distillation temperature. It measures the amount of bromine that reacts with the olefinic double bonds in a hydrocarbon sample under specific acidic condition and is reported as mg of bromine per 100 grams of sample. Olefin saturation is an undesirable side reaction during the hydrogen desulfurization process. It increases the exothermic reaction, consumes more hydrogen and reduces octane rating. Thus reporting accurate bromine numbers are vital to unit design and operations.
Repeatability (r) and reproducibility (R) is unsatisfactory for the current ASTM D1159 forward titration. This has prompted investigation into the feasibility of a back titration method to ensure all olefinic compounds are reacted with bromine.
The current method measures the amount of bromine uptake to a diminishing rate at the end point. The measurement of this point is influenced by the geometry of the platinum electrode, by the applied voltametric current and by the steric hindrance of the olefin. Results can be variable.
Thus, the proposed rewrite of ASTM D1159 adds a known excess of bromine reagent to the titration vessel, allows the reaction to happen, and then back titrates the remaining bromine by a redox reaction to an inflection. The result is compared to a blank titration of bromate in the solvent to give the actual bromine number. Studies have been completed by Lummus Technology, Mettler Toledo, Metrohm and Tor Systems on a variety of hydrocarbon samples and the results are promising. A discussion will follow with plans for an ILS. Interested participants are encouraged to attend.
Abstract # 200 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 1:00 PM - 1:30 PM - Daffodil
Due to significant cost increases in recent years, helium conservation in gas chromatography has gained attention in many labs. Lab managers and chemists need alternatives to control costs, ensure method consistency, analytical quality, and provide real-time flexibility in carrier gas choices.
This presentation discusses recent work to configure an Agilent GC with available hardware and allow carrier gas selection using the GC method. This instrument level control allows the chemist to choose a preferred carrier gas for calibration or sample runs and then select a less expensive carrier gas for idle time.
Abstract # 201 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:10 PM - 2:30 PM - Bluebonnet
Comparison of Sulfur Analysis with Total Sulfur Analysis (TSA) and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP)
Total sulfur analysis (TSA) is crucial in the petrochemical industry to monitor sulfur as a poison and environmental pollutant. Due to its accuracy and ease of use, TSA is the preferred method. ICP has had challenges to analyze sulfur, yet it is a powerful technique that yields valuable information for metal analysis. This study compares TSA with ICP analysis on the same samples to evaluate accuracy and linearity of the ICP. Using different techniques to cross-check data is a valuable practice in ensuring reliable results.
Abstract # 205 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:30 PM - 2:55 PM - Bluebonnet
Waste plastic pyrolysis is a thermal degradation process of controlled heating of plastic waste in the absence of oxygen to break it down into various products, including pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas. The challenge is the characterization, testing, and application of pyrolysis oil to offer vital insights to researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers seeking to harness the full potential of this promising fuel. While waste plastic pyrolysis oil (WPPO) holds significant promise, there are challenges that need to be addressed; Quality and Consistency, Upgrading, Environmental Impact, Regulation and Standardization. As the waste plastic pyrolysis technology continues to improve to address its challenges, we must continually innovate the analytical efforts and develop methodology for characterizing the properties of pyrolysis oil, including its chemical composition, physical properties, stability, and impurities. Standardized characterization techniques will enable effective quality control and facilitate comparisons across different sources and production processes. ASTM D02.P Recycle Product subcommittee is proposing a guide for WPPO to establish an industry standard for the basic analytical needed. This presentation will showcase the different analytical methodologies specified in the ASTM Guide and discuss the challenges of the techniques.
Abstract # 206 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 12:30 PM - 12:55 PM - Iris
PFAS – An affair of the forever kind
The first fluoropolymer was patented in 1934, creating an industry that has taken off in the last 90 years to produce a wide array of consumable products from firefighting foams to non-stick pots and pans to water-repellent clothing and much more. The number of products has risen to several thousands, ranging from volatile, hydrophilic, branched and many other configurations. In March of 2023, the US EPA proposed six PFAS to be regulated under the National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR). And this is only the beginning. As the modern analytical lab continues to push the lower detection limits to the part per quadrillion, the regulation will continue to increase. There are many ways to absorb and remove the PFAS from water, but their destruction is a lot more challenging. This presentation will explore technology that can destroy the PFAS by breaking the larger molecules into smaller molecules until the water is PFAS-free. The monitoring of the journey of the PFAS needs to include non-targeted analysis in order to identify what constitutes as contamination. The Zimpro® Electro-Oxidation (ZEO) has been proven to destroy the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to inorganic fluoride that no longer poses an environmental problem. We will explore the PFAS molecule journey, the treatment results, and the potential to use this technology to deal with the forever chemical problem into a never again solution.
Abstract # 209 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 9:00 AM - 9:30 AM - Wisteria
Good Karl Fischer Titration Practice & Chemistry
Since its introduction, Karl Fischer titrators, sampling apparatus and chemistry are ever evolving. Learn the basic chemistry, side reactions (and how to avoid them), and science of Karl Fischer titration as well as recent product innovations to aid your analysis. Optimization and good troubleshooting practices, specifically for the Petrochemical business, will also be explained.
Abstract # 210 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 1:30 PM - 1:50 PM - Daffodil
- LECO Corporation
- LECO Corporation
- LECO Corporation
- LECO Corporation
An increase in the desire for waste plastics converted to pyrolysis oils to be used as fuel has led to the development of processes that create potential feedstocks with chemical characteristics very different from traditional geochemical sources. A deeper, detailed understanding of their chemical composition is necessary to avoid problems at refineries because these nontraditional materials carry higher risks of poisoning catalysts or otherwise reducing efficiency, even though they may possess similar physical properties to traditional petroleum products. This presentation focuses on full characterization of plastic-derived pyrolysis oils throughout different stages of the production process using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) and simultaneous flame ionization detection (FID). For the chromatographic separation of these pyrolysis oils, GCxGC not only provides improved chromatographic resolution that leads to cleaner spectral information for identification by the full mass range TOFMS, but also structured chromatograms that reveal clusters of compound classes not typically seen in traditional petroleum fuels, such as multi-branched paraffins and heteroatom-containing species that would otherwise not be resolved by single-dimension GC separation. A novel splitter design ensures that a constant ratio of analytes is sent to each detector throughout the analysis, eliminating boiling-point temperature-biased hydrocarbon group-type results from the FID while maintaining the integrity of the GCxGC separation for an analytical method that concurrently provides rich qualitative and quantitative information.
Abstract # 211 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 1:50 PM - 2:10 PM - Daffodil
The push for sustainable aviation fuels has led to the development of many pathways for production of synthetic aviation fuels, each currently requiring varying levels of physical and chemical testing to gain regulatory approval for use in commercial aviation equipment. Comprehensive characterization using two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) for group-type analysis has widely been accepted as a valuable means of providing detailed compositional information for not only hydrocarbons, but also polar oxygenated and aromatic compounds in these new synthetic aviation fuels. In recent years, splitter technology that allows the coupling of low-cost, flow-modulated GCxGC with dual detection from time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) and flame ionization detection (FID) has been developed and refined to provide simultaneous identification of compounds and hydrocarbon group-type quantitation. In this presentation, a back-pressure regulated reverse fill-flush (RFF) flow modulator is used with built-in software controls to ensure full transfer of analytes from the primary to secondary GC column, an important consideration when any type of flow modulation is used. This separation technique is coupled with a novel splitter that eliminates the quantitative bias which occurs because flows to vacuum versus atmospheric pressure outlets on the different detectors change as temperatures increase during the chromatographic separation. A variety of chemical standards and both traditional and synthetic fuel samples are used to demonstrate optimal method parameters that provide both full transfer conditions and proper splitting for accurate characterization of aviation fuels.
Abstract # 212 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 9:30 AM - 10:00 AM - Wisteria
Good Titration Practice Petrochemical Industry
From the ground to the engine of a vehicle, the quality control of petrochemicals is critical in every stage of the process. Water sensitivity of petrochemicals as well as their non-aqueous solubility requires special handling of the samples and specific sensors and solvents used in their analysis. This Good Titration Practice of Petrochemicals offers knowledge and tips to assist you in optimizing your oil and fuel analysis regarding TAN, TBN, and Mercaptan.
Abstract # 213 - Seminar
10/11/2023 - 8:40 AM - 9:10 AM - Hibiscus
ASTM color measurements – APHA
Mettler Toledo manufacturers UV/Vis spectrophotometers along with Titration, Density, Refractomers, melting point, dropping point, balances and pH/ISE/conductivity meters. This seminar will show how and why the APHA color scale is used to measure the quality and purity of products such as fuels, lubricants and solvents.
Abstract # 214 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 12:30 PM - 1:15 PM - Rose
The ASTM Advantage Tools and Resources to Maximize Your Competitive Advantage in the Laboratory
THE ASTM ADVANTAGE
An overview of ASTM International Services with a focus on the current and future of our Laboratory Services service offerings. ASTM Laboratory Services products assist laboratory professionals to help improve overall laboratory quality administration and remain competitive in the everchanging laboratory landscape.
Abstract # 215 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:40 AM - 10:10 AM - Daffodil
Prediction of Gas Phase Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectra using Machine Learning.
- The University of Texas at Arlington
Vacuum ultraviolet/ultraviolet (VUV/UV) absorption measurements have become a useful detection modality for gas chromatography. It has been especially useful for the characterization of fuels and other complex mixtures. The ability to predict absorption spectra for molecules is useful when pure standards are not available. Here is presented an advancement over previous quantum chemical methods for spectral preduction using machine learning and molecular feature generation.
Abstract # 216 - Seminar
10/11/2023 - 8:00 AM - 8:30 AM - Bluebonnet
Good HPLC Sample & Standard Preparation Practice with Manual, Automated and Robotic Solutions
Become the Lab of the Future with METTLER TOLEDO and Say Hello to Consistent Accuracy with easier and faster HPLC Analysis. Accurate sample & standard preparation for HPLC analyses is crucial to the quality of your analytical results. So, getting it right-the-first time is important for accuracy, and accurate results minimize rework and save material and costs. The right technology will help support this accuracy and make sure your lab runs smoothly now and in the future.
Abstract # 217 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 9:35 AM - 9:55 AM - Rose
Organic chlorides can have adverse effects on production processes, catalyst viability and final product quality in the petrochemical industry. The measurement of organic chlorides is of utmost importance even at the lowest possible levels. A comparison of analytical techniques represented by ASTM D5808 (organic chlorides by combustion microcoulometry) and ASTM D8247 (organic chlorides by combustion Ion Chromatography) will be the topic of this discussion. The reliability and accuracy of both methods will be compared on samples such as pyrolysis oil. Studies such as these help to provide further insight into techniques while possibly providing impetus to explore expansion, evolution or improvement.
Abstract # 218 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 1:15 PM - 2:00 PM - Floral Hall A1
- Thermo Fisher Scientific
- Thermo Fisher Scientific
- Thermo Fisher Scientific
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have unique chemical properties that have led to a wide variety of uses in consumer products. Unfortunately, their durability and persistence make them an environmental concern and regulatory target due to their toxicity and bioaccumulation. U.S. EPA draft method 1621 has recently been developed that uses capture onto carbon and subsequent analysis with Combustion Ion Chromatography (CIC) to determine as many PFAS compounds as possible within one analytical workflow. The work presented here will describe the determination of Adsorbable Organic Fluorine (AOF) in surface and wastewater samples using CIC, providing guidance on achieving optimal results.
Abstract # 219 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:50 AM - 9:50 AM - Rose
Ion Chromatography methods used for the analysis of high ionic strength and water miscible organic solvent samples involves sample preparation before injection to obtain meaningful results and/or avoid fouling of the separation column and suppressor. In this talk we will review techniques for the successful determination of anionic contaminants in high ionic strength brines, organic solvents, and basic chemicals. We will discuss factors to consider for both “in-line” and “off-line” sample preparation for anion analysis including the type of suppression recommended.
Abstract # 220 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:00 PM - 2:30 PM - Wisteria
A fully autonomous GC/FID system for the continuous monitoring of ambient air
- Chromatotec Inc.
- Chromatotec
- Chromatotec
The quality of ambient air (indoor and outdoor) is of growing interest these past few decades as poor air quality has been linked to multiple illness such as asthma or lung cancer. Chromatotec airmozone is a fully autonomous system specifically designed for continuous monitoring of ambient air. The performances of the airmozone have been certified in China with the CCEP certification, in Europe (EN 14662-3:2015) and have been tested by the USEPA. We will present the tests realized by the USEPA for the characterization and validation of the system.
Abstract # 221 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:30 PM - 2:50 PM - Wisteria
- Thermo Fisher Scientific
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Milan, Italy
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Milan, Italy
Biodiesel quality is critical for commercialization and market acceptance. It is important that reaction conversion yield, removal of glycerol, absence of poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), removal of alcohol, and absence of free fatty acids are monitored.
This presentation will highlight an automated approach to the analysis of biodiesel according to ASTM method D6584 (determination of f free and total glycerol and mono-, di-, triglyceride contents), as well as EN methods 14110 (residual methanol) and 14103 (total FAMEs (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) and Linolenic Methyl Ester (C18:3)).
Abstract # 222 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 8:00 AM - 8:30 AM - Rose
Pyrolysis Oil: Analysis of Halogens, Sulfur, Nitrogen and Carbon
The composition of pyrolysis oil can vary significantly depending on the processed plastic waste. This makes it even more crucial to monitor the levels of heteroatoms before introducing pyoil into refineries and steam crackers. The quantification of halogens, S, N, and C is done using combustion elemental analyzers. This session discusses how pyoil, which is very reactive, can nonetheless be combusted completely and soot-free and most importantly without the operator having to optimize the combustion process in a lengthy trial and error fashion. Furthermore, we present a way of conducting halogen analysis that reliably prevents any backflow of sulfuric acid.
Abstract # 224 - Training Course
10/11/2023 - 10:50 AM - 11:40 AM - Bluebonnet
X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) is an elemental analysis technique widely used across industries due to its fast and easy sample preparation and non-destructive multi-elemental analytical capability. It is widely used in industry for different quantitative and qualitative analysis needs including catalyst supports and promoters, additives and residual metals in polymers and contaminants in different matrices. Different categories of XRF instruments include high-end wavelength dispersive (WD) floor models to simple but rugged energy dispersive (ED) bench-top units. With recent advances in instrumentation and affordability, it is now possible to implement robust, accurate and precise EDXRF quantification methods in manufacturing laboratories that would traditionally require use of WD instruments available at a R&D lab only allowing on-site data acquisition for process control. It is also possible to use simple ED units to extract location-specific elemental distribution using benchtop Micro XRF (M-XRF) instruments that can produce X-ray spot sizes of 20-30 μm. This technique is highly desirable for analyzing small, inhomogeneous samples and inclusions and can provide chemical maps to determine elemental distribution of major and trace elements which cannot be achieved with bulk XRF analysis. Aside from instrumentation, sample preparation is critical for achieving high quality XRF spectral data and accurate quantification. In this presentation, multiple examples of solving challenging and critical industrial problems using a combination of ED, WD and M-XRF will be shared. This work will highlight importance of choosing the right sample preparation protocol to achieve homogeneous samples and present studies developed to quantify accurately and precisely a wide range of elements in a variety of matrices at trace levels. Additionally, cases where semi-quant analysis can be used to quantitate unknown samples accurately without preparing matrix-matched standards will also be presented.
Abstract # 225 - Seminar
10/11/2023 - 2:00 PM - 2:45 PM - Floral Hall A1
High-throughput analysis of PFAS in ambient air using TD-GC-MS/MS
PFAS originate from various sources and are of concern due to their longevity and health impacts. Recently, effort has been made to understand the transport and fate of PFAS in water and soil; however, the analysis of PFAS compounds in air are of growing interest. Detection of airborne PFAS is critical to understanding atmospheric emission, transport, and cycling.
Here, we describe the analysis of air using TD-GC-MS/MS method for various PFAS species in a single, 3. The method allowed for targeted and non-targeted screening of the samples.
Abstract # 226 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 8:30 AM - 9:15 AM - Rose
A review of FT-NIR analyzers as applied in Refinery for both laboratory and process measurement
FT-NIR analyzers for both laboratory and on-line process units have long history and have been field proven to provide measurement and optimization for a range of refinery products (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, jet fuels, etc). A review of FT-NIR analyzer technology in the lab and process will be presented with focus to key aspects to be considered to achieve successful implementation. To be highlighted will be measurement capabilities possible with FT-NIR in the refinery along with presentation of actual performance for final blend gasoline obtained in the lab and transferred to process.
Abstract # 228 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:15 AM - 9:45 AM - Iris
Simplifying Laboratory Statistical Quality Control With QC/EZâ„¢
Statistical Quality Control (SQC) is crucial for maintaining measurement system performance, but it can be complex to implement and time-consuming to maintain. Baytek has simplified our industry-leading SQC solution with a subscription-based (SaaS) model that can be implemented in hours. With real-time features like chart kiosks, status indicators, and alerts, QC/EZ™ empowers lab professionals to quickly address issues.
This talk will showcase how the QC/EZ™ solution can simplify the SQC process, guide users through the full ASTM D6299 workflow, and provide the needed flexibility for various use cases that are overlooked by other software tools. We’ll cover: Individuals and Moving-Range Charts, Q-Procedure, 1st/99th Percentile, Custom Defined Limits, Check Standards and CRMs Charting as well as PTP and Round Robin Charting (Z-Score, Z-Prime, Pretreated I&MR, and more).
We will also showcase the advanced performance monitoring and audit reporting available with a few mouse clicks.
Abstract # 229 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 8:45 AM - 9:15 AM - Iris
In every lab, from technicians to directors, recurring issues demand attention. The manual nature of most non-conformances and CAPA systems is labor-intensive and prone to errors. Automate this process by integrating your CAPA solution with Baytek's LIMS or SQC software.
In this session, we'll explore how QC/CAPA™ simplifies event monitoring, historical trend analysis, and key performance indicators. Our user-friendly workflow interface streamlines CAPA assignment and management, ending with automated reports.
Join us as we delve into the practical benefits of transitioning to proactive quality control with QC/CAPA™.
Abstract # 230 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 12:30 PM - 1:15 PM - Rose
Finding the Money in Fuels Blending
Trustworthy and timely data is a fundamental enabler to all aspects of business improvement. This presentation will speak to how having timely access to critical manufacturing process planning, control, optimization, and measurement (lab and field) data integrated with real time statistical analytical tools can help enterprises 'find the money' to drive investment such as new instruments/analyzers and/or other production support infrastructure such as LIMS with integrated analysis tools and connectivity to manufacturing process data. The key concepts will be illustrated using a gasoline blending process.
Abstract # 231 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 10:25 AM - 11:10 AM - Iris
In today’s quality demanding and cost competitive environment, measurement data ‘trustworthiness’ is a key business driver and an implicit expectation from Customers & Regulatory Entities. To assure measurement data trustworthiness, a de facto industry practice which is mandated by EPA (CFR1090) and ASTM D6792 (Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories) is to deploy Statistical Quality Control Charts (SQC) to ensure the testing process is in a state of statistical control. This presentation will speak to what in statistical control means, what an Out of Control (OOC) event means, what the immediate and follow up responses should be, and how learnings from an effective SQC and OOC management program can help fund new instruments and analyzers.
Abstract # 232 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 1:15 PM - 1:40 PM - Rose
Analysis of Silicon and Metals in Pyrolysis Oil
Oil derived from plastic waste typically exceeds the feedstock specifications of steam crackers in terms of Si, Na, Fe, and other metal content. This session discusses how ICP-OES, the technique of choice for monitoring these elements, can best overcome the challenges presented by a highly organic matrix such as pyoil. The high organic load necessitates a robust plasma system to avoid carbon buildup. To access the most sensitive emission lines, spectral interferences stemming from the carbon-rich matrix need to be separated reliably from the signal. Strategies for a significantly reduced Argon consumption will also be presented.
Abstract # 233 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 1:40 PM - 2:00 PM - Rose
The objective of this analytical technique is to differentiate saturate, olefins and aromatics (mono-, di-, and tri-) in a single sequence using supercritical fluid chromatography and simultaneous UV detection to identify component regions by also confirming carbon numbers. The analysis focuses on pyrolysis process liquids that are capable of being dissolved and filtered using suitable solvents and filters. Aromatics, Saturates and Olefins regions are cross referenced with UV-detector results at different absorption wavelengths to determine the approximate carbon number of the saturates and olefins. The standalone UV-detector also allows for further distinction of the mono-, di-, and tri- aromatic regions by simultaneously overlaying chromatograms and spectra.
Abstract # 235 - Workshop
10/10/2023 - 1:15 PM - 2:00 PM - Wisteria
The analysis and regulation of gasoline vapor pressure play critical roles in safety, environmental protection, performance, and profit. This workshop covers the fundamentals of vapor pressure theory and expansion-type measurement methodology, relative to gasoline production and certification. Upon completion, attendees can expect to possess a clear understanding of modern vapor pressure analysis, with focus on the relationship between ASTM D5191, ASTM D6378, and ASTM D5188.
Abstract # 236 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM - Bluebonnet
How to Prevent and Solve the Most Common Problems in ICP-OES and ICPMS Analyses
Every ICP analyst is facing some problems that can be challenging and time consuming regardless of the application, sample type or spectrometer operator experience. Quite often – many of the routine problems can be either prevented by a proper selection of the sample introduction components, choice of correct calibration strategy or addressed rapidly and efficiently by simple adjustment of the ICP running parameters. Practical and detailed guidance on how to solve such common problems will be presented and accompanied by simple demonstrations. Participants are encouraged to bring up their own unique problems for open discussion.
Abstract # 237 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:00 PM - 2:45 PM - Rose
A 'Total Workflow' Approach to Elemental Sample Prep For The Petrochemical Industry
As ICP technologies continue to evolve, the sample preparation side of the analytical process must also evolve to keep pace. While digestion plays a central role in sample preparation of petrochemical products, there are several other steps to consider. Comprehensive multielement determinations in crude oil and refined petroleum products have often been a difficult task, resulting in a myriad of developed sample preparation and instrumental analytical methods. Due to the nature of the samples themselves, petrochemical products can be difficult to mineralize and achieve clear, colorless solutions post-digestion. We will discuss a ‘total workflow’ approach to sample preparation for petrochemical labs that supports the throughput and analytical quality needs of the modern elemental analysis lab.
Abstract # 238 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 9:30 AM - 9:50 AM - Wisteria
Comparison of Diesel Samples Measured by Using GCxGC-HRTOFMS
- JEOL USA
- SpectralWorks Limited
- SpectralWorks Limited
- JEOL USA
- JEOL USA
Petroleum samples are complex materials that can be difficult to analyze by traditional methods like gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) that use only electron ionization (EI). Furthermore, given the complexity of this material, it can be difficult to determine differences between samples when measured. In this work, a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HRTOFMS) equipped with a thermal modulator GCxGC system was used to analyze diesel samples by using an electron ionization/field ionization/field desorption (EI/FI/FD) combination ion source. Additionally, new software capabilities were used to compare diesel samples from different vendors. The results for this work will be presented.
Abstract # 240 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 1:35 PM - 2:05 PM - Iris
On-asset monitoring solution for Production Chemistry and Flow Assurance challenges
On-asset solution for Production Chemistry and Flow Assurance challenges. The Epsilon 1 wells is an on-asset monitoring solution that gives you critical production chemistry and flow assurance data within minutes. It maximizes uptime and production by giving you the ability to make data driven decisions about production parameters for scale-squeezes and other interruptions in real time. With the Epsilon 1 Wells you can predict with confidence when a scale-squeeze needs to take place, saving millions of dollars.
Abstract # 241 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 2:25 PM - 2:50 PM - Iris
- Process Insights
- Linc Sales
Laboratories frequently face challenges to keep sulfur measurement instrumentation compliant with regulatory requirements of EPA 40 CFR Part 1090 Subpart N and ASTM D6299 standard established to demonstrate and monitor the proficiency of analytical measurement systems. These include refinery labs, third-party and any other laboratories measuring certain fuel parameters such as sulfur. Even after qualifying an instrument using the alternate procedure defined by the ASTM D5453 UV fluorescence method, maintaining long-term stability becomes difficult due to the characteristic nature of the measurement itself. These systems rely on an excitation sources that are inherently unstable over time, which subsequently affect analysis results. Excimer UV fluorescence technology offers increased stability thereby reducing required intervention to maintain analytical results within control limits. Science behind the benefits of the technology will be discussed, as well as data showing examples of violations and corrective actions taken.
Abstract # 242 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 2:30 PM - 3:00 PM - Floral Hall A2
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc
Abstract: While short chain (C2- C7) volatile fatty acids (VFAs) can usually be analyzed in free form, formic acid commonly requires derivatization to methyl formate to be detected by a Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Other detectors such as barrier discharge ionization detector (BID) can be used but requires expensive helium gas for operation. The use of an in-jet methanizer (Jetanizer) allows determination of formic acid in free form with FID. In this application, simultaneous analysis of underivatized formic acid along with other volatile fatty acids, from C2 to C5, in a single injection was demonstrated on the GC-2050 with a Jetanizer for FID detection.
Abstract # 243 - Paper
10/10/2023 - 11:00 AM - 11:45 AM - Hibiscus
FTIR and Raman Microscopy: Techniques and Applications
This presentation will highlight the advantages of using Infrared and Raman microscopy techniques in the analysis of micro-scale materials. The presentation will illustrate various applications of both microscopy techniques and the advantages of each based on the type of materials being analyzed.
Abstract # 244 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 11:30 AM - 12:00 PM - Floral Hall A2
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc
Classical analysis of water samples for nitrogen content is laborious, time consuming and generates hazardous waste. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) measurement does not take into account the contributions of nitrites and nitrates, nor variability in recovery as a result of different salt content of the samples. The current EPA definition for total bound nitrogen (also called bound nitrogen or TNb) is TKN plus nitrite and nitrate nitrogen. Recently published analytical methods now provide for instrumental analysis of TNb which saves time, minimizes waste, increases accuracy, and reduces variability. The Shimadzu bench top TOC-L with TNM-L and the on-line TOC-4200 with TNM can be used to determine total nitrogen (TNb) as well as simultaneous TC or NPOC analysis.
Abstract # 245 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 11:00 AM - 11:30 AM - Floral Hall A2
Maintaining and Troubleshooting the TOC-L
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc
Properly maintaining instrumentation and having good troubleshooting skills are vitally important to providing good and timely data. Due to the nature of samples analyzed by Total Organic Carbon analyzers, daily checks and routine maintenance are needed. Tips on diagnosing issues, maintenance items and troubleshooting guidelines will be provided as they are necessary to have reducing downtime.
Abstract # 246 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 3:30 PM - 4:00 PM - Floral Hall A2
Improved anions analysis – impact of newer technologies in older contaminants.
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc
Fast and robust analysis of anions in environmental samples is essential for environmental laboratories due to the short turn-around-times required for the analysis of nitrate and nitrite in methods EPA 300 and 300.1. When analyzing samples with diverse and variable composition for nitrate and nitrite together with some of the other targets from these methods (e.g., F-, Cl-, Br-, PO4-, and SO4- from EPA 300), laboratories may run into challenges. For example, high concentrations of chloride in the matrix can mask the presence of nitrite, preventing the detection of the later by suppressed conductivity detector required in the method. Hence, two or more injections may be needed for obtaining the required results, resulting in decreased productivity. In this work, we first optimized the method conditions to maximize lab productivity and turn-around-time for the analysis of the seven anions targeted in EPA 300 in a run-to-run time of 4.5 minutes (4.0-minute gradient). In an attempt to further increase the efficacy of the method, we evaluated two approaches to eliminate the need for sample-reruns when results from various anions are outside the calibration range or interferences are present: 1) lowering the injection volume (down to 0.2 µL) to avoid the need for sample dilutions (in- or off-line) and 2) using a conductivity and UV detectors in-line to detect nitrite in the presence of high concentration of chloride. In this presentation we will present the results from the method performance evaluation including but not limited to linearity, sensitivity, and reproducibility.
Abstract # 247 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 1:00 PM - 1:30 PM - Floral Hall A2
Shimadzu’s Analytical Solutions for the Hydrocarbon Processing Industry and Customer Case Studies
- Shimadzu Middle East & Africa FZE
Use of Alternative carrier gases for Simulated Distillation ASTM D2887 and D7169 Determining the boiling point distribution characteristics of crude oil and other its fractions is important in the petro-refinery industry for the efficient utilization of feedstocks and regulatory compliance. Simulated distillation (SimDist) methods by gas chromatography (GC) are widely used to simulate the results of the distillation tower, ASTM D7169 for products having boiling point distribution up to 720DegC of and ASTM D2887 up to 538DegC. While helium (He) is the preferred carrier gas for many GC applications, its recent price hike and supply interruption have rejuvenated efforts to explore Nitrogen and Hydrogen carrier as a cost-effective and more accessible alternative. This presentation reviews ASTM D2887 with Nitrogen and ASTM D7169 with Hydrogen carrier and demonstrates similar result as that of using Helium carrier gas.
Abstract # 249 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 9:00 AM - 9:30 AM - Floral Hall A2
GC Carrier Gases: Finding the best option for your lab
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc
Obtaining helium for use as a carrier gas in GC and GCMS systems remains an ongoing challenge. The scarcity of helium supply is compelling laboratories to reconsider not just their analytical approaches but also the procedures of their instruments.
While various substitute carrier gases are applicable to numerous methods, there are situations where helium stands as the sole choice. As operators of these instruments, it becomes imperative for us to grasp the spectrum of possibilities at our disposal. Proficiency in understanding diverse carrier gas alternatives, comprehending the advantages and disadvantages inherent to each gas, and being equipped with strategies for scenarios when helium is the exclusive alternative, all play a pivotal role.
Abstract # 250 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 2:00 PM - 2:30 PM - Floral Hall A2
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Analysis: Unveiling the Future with new Brevis GC-2050
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc
Total petroleum hydrocarbons consist of a large list of compounds that traditionally originate from crude oil, which is formed from organic buried material that has been subjected to intense heat and pressure. As a result, the manufacturing of crude oil has raised concerns regarding TPH contamination or presence in the environment such as water and soil ecosystems. With ever growing knowledge of the potential environmental contamination as well as health concerns, an established GC-FID method allows for accurate quantitation of total TPH. In this application, a fast and robust method was created using Shimadzu’s newest GC, the Brevis GC2050. The compact GC -2050 (230 V) was used to enable rapid heating, and hydrogen was used as the carrier gas to analyze TPH reducing overall runtime. Linearity and area ratio of C40 to C20 were also maintained in compliance with ISO 9377 -2 -2000.
Abstract # 251 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 1:30 PM - 2:00 PM - Floral Hall A2
Trace Sulfur Analysis in Hydrogen Fuel using the Shimadzu SCD-2030
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, In
Hydrogen has become increasingly more desirable as an alternative fuel as energy companies strive to become “Carbon Neutral”. Hydrogen fuel must be high purity and have virtually no sulfur impurities to be used in catalytic reactors. The required limits of sulfur for hydrogen fuel pushes the limits of most currently available off the shelf sulfur detection systems. Shimadzu has developed solution for quantifying trace sulfur in high purity hydrogen fuels repeatably
Abstract # 252 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 3:00 PM - 3:30 PM - Floral Hall A2
Incorporating ARC Jetanizer and Polyarc on the Shimadzu GC-2030 for Improved GC Analysis
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc
The Flame Ionization Detector, FID, is staple detector in hydrocarbon processing. Recent innovations have provided improved robustness and efficacy for detection of non-responding or low responding carbon containing analytes. Activated Research Company’s Jetanizer has been demonstrated to allow for the quantitation of CO and CO2. The PolyARC reactor builds off this catalyst technology for the analysis of oxygenates. In depth performance evaluation and application development of these products are assessed on the Shimadzu GC-2030.
Abstract # 253 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 9:30 AM - 10:00 AM - Floral Hall A2
Improved Fuel Cell Analysis using the Shimadzu Barrier discharge Ionization Detector (BID)
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, In
Fuel Cells continue to be of interest as research and development focuses on green energy sources. While CO2 reduction has long been a focus for green energy, the need for the analysis of trace hydrogen and other fixed gases in these systems has increased. The Shimadzu GC-2030 Fuel Cell Analyzer has been modified to incorporate the Shimadzu Barrier discharge Ionization Detector (BID) for improved sensitivity of inorganic gases.
Abstract # 254 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 10:30 AM - 10:50 AM - Daffodil
Analysis of Hydrocarbons in Waste Plastic Process Oils using ASTM D8519
Plastic waste is recognized as a significant environmental challenge but also an opportunity. Many organizations are actively involved in recycling plastic waste and using pyrolysis technologies to convert it into usable petrochemical feedstocks. The output of this process is challenging to evaluate with analytical approaches used for traditional hydrocarbon streams. This presentation will introduce a new standard method – ASTM D8519 – that utilizes Gas Chromatography-Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy (GC-VUV) to provide accurate identification and class-based quantification of hydrocarbons in pyrolysis oils over a broad carbon number range.
Abstract # 255 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 10:50 AM - 11:10 AM - Daffodil
Analysis of EPA-Monitored Volatile Organic Compounds using GC-LUMA
- VUV Analytics
- VUV Analytics
- NuTech Instruments
- NuTech Instruments
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from refineries, chemical plants, and other industrial sources must be closely monitored and limited, as they have significant impact on both the environment and human health. Subsets of approximately 100 of these VOCs are measured via EPA methods such as TO-14A and TO-15. While mass spectrometry or a combination of other non-specific detectors can be used to perform these methods, they all suffer from various drawbacks including compound identification, sensitivity, and ease of use. A new approach to VOC analysis utilizing GC-LUMA brings a selective, sensitive, and simple alternative to currently used setups.
Abstract # 256 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 11:10 AM - 11:35 AM - Daffodil
Application of GCVUV Techniques to Petroleum Specifications and Regulations
The adoption of GC-VUV technology depends on the promulgation of GC-VUV standard test methods within international standard writing organizations (SWO’s), such as ASTM and the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Standards and specifications for refined fuels provide guidelines for fuel properties, test methods, and quality assurance. They facilitate global trade and harmonization of fuel specifications. Regulators and government bodies rely on specifications and test methods to enforce compliance with fuel quality, safety and environmental standards. The current specification and regulatory status of five GCVUV standard methods will be reviewed. The applicability and versatility of these methods to future world-wide regulations will also be elucidated. The results of a new reference material for ASTM D8071 with EPA accepted qualification criteria will be presented.
Abstract # 257 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 1:00 PM - 1:20 PM - Daffodil
Pyrolysis Oil – The Good, The Bad, The Ugly
The emphasis on circular economy is here to stay. Analyzing py oil samples that are processed from a variety of plastic feedstock can be challenging. The most difficult part is achieving good component characterization. We will compare the good, the bad, and the ugly. Good samples have a light tea color appearance, are easy to analyze and behave similarly to gasoline. The bad samples are heavier, dark molasses in color and harder to analyze. The ugly samples, we do not analyze! This presentation will explore what we have learned by using GC-VUV and DHA (ASTM 6730) as analysis methods.
Abstract # 258 - Seminar
10/10/2023 - 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM - Hibiscus
FTIR/Raman Theory and Sample Handling
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a quick, reliable, non-destructive technique that takes advantage of molecular vibrations to identify and study chemicals. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is the main method in executing IR spectroscopy. With IR spectroscopy a user can identify compounds, functional groups in organic molecules, interaction between a molecule and its local environment, and perform quantitative analysis such as concentration measurements just to name a few. There are several techniques in FTIR spectroscopy such as drifts, attenuated total reflectance and transmission. This presentation will cover the theory of FTIR and Raman spectroscopy along with the different sampling techniques and their applications.
Abstract # 260 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 1:20 PM - 1:40 PM - Daffodil
Water in Denatured Fuel Ethanol and Ethanol Blended Gasoline by GC-VUV
- VUV Analytics
- VUV Analytics
The ASTM D4806 denatured fuel ethanol specification limits the water content to a maximum of 1.0% vol. Therefore the final ethanol blended gasoline such as E10 can contain 0.1% water. E15 can contain 0.15% water. Water content is controlled because of the possibility of phase separation if the water level in the blend rises too much or if the temperature of the fuel drops. A bottom layer in a retail or car tank is obviously a problem. Water content is normally determined by Karl Fischer titration. This paper will offer an alternative GCVUV technique to quantify water in denatured fuel ethanol and ethanol-gasoline blends.
Abstract # 261 - Paper
10/11/2023 - 1:40 PM - 2:00 PM - Daffodil
Gasoline Compositional Analysis for Particulate Matter Index
- Marathon Petroleum Company
- VUV Analytics
The EPA is considering further reductions in particulate matter (PM) emissions from gasoline combustion. Techniques to understand, manage, and mitigate PM are being undertaken by the fuel industry to prevent over-restrictive backend distillation regulations, which could reduce available fuel volumes. This presentation will discuss the particulate matter index (PMI) as a tool to estimate PM emissions from gasoline composition, provide an overview of industry efforts to improve and standardized compositional analysis, and finally share a comparison between traditional detailed hydrocarbon analysis (DHA) and the gas chromatography/vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) detection technique. VUV spectroscopy is versatile and well-suited to aromatic and diaromatic analysis – the compounds that contribute the most to particulates. Importantly, the technique is less laborious and more suited for a production environment than traditional DHA.
