2018 Posters
The following posters will be presented in the Exhibit Hall at the 2018 Gulf Coast Conference.
Abstract # 102 - Poster
EDXRF Technology’s Applications to Measure the Sulfur Content in Ultra-Low Sulfur Fuels and to Measure Organometallic Additives in Lubrication Oils and Motor Gasoline.
- Koehler Instrument Company, Inc.
- Koehler Instrument Company, Inc.
- Applied Rigaku Technologies, Inc.
The Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF) is a fast, simple, and non-destructive analysis technique for the measurement of liquids, powders, and solids. It is widely applied throughout the petroleum industry: upstream at the well site, mid-stream at pipelines, storage facilities and blending operations, and down-stream at the refinery. Recently, with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) mandating new regulations on the composition of fuel, the maximum allowable sulfur content has been scaled down to 10 parts per million (ppm). Therefore, the EDXRF is an ideal analytical tool for refiners - with good lab practices- to accurately determine the sulfur content in fuel samples, conforming to not only ASTM D7220, but also meeting the testing requirements for the EPA Tier 3 program for ultra-low sulfur fuels such as gasoline and diesel. Furthermore, the EDXRF can be used to determine concentration of some elements such as manganese, lead, zinc, phosphorous, and calcium. The determination of manganese and lead content gives an indication of the anti-knock agent added to motor gasoline and Avgas to improve octane rating. Whilst the determination of zinc, phosphorous, calcium, and Sulfur give an indication of the antioxidant, and antiwear agents in lubricating oils. The versatile application of the EDXRF allows end-users to effectively ascertain correct results for this desired use, and conform to international testing standards.
Abstract # 103 - Poster
Innovative Instrumentation Design for Measuring Multiple Fuel Properties in Diesel Fuel
- Koehler Instrument Company, Inc.
- Koehler Instrument Company, Inc.
- Real-Time Analyzers
The efficiency, economy, and reliability of diesel engines has made it popular for use in transportation, manufacturing, power generation, construction, and farming. In 2004, 60 percent (%) of trucks in the United States was recorded to consume diesel fuel. In fact, the sales of diesel fuel are an indicator of economic strength, as diesel engines are commonly used to move goods from manufacturer to consumer. It is advantageous to the end-user or consumer to have a reliable and effective way to quickly determine properties of a fuel. However, determining the properties of fuel can be a time-consuming process. Therefore, the Portable Fuel Property Analyzer (PFPA) is an innovative technique developed for fuel quality assessment for in-field analysis of diesel fuel that can be compared to the governing ASTM requirements. The PFPA combines Near Infrared Spectroscopy with Advanced Chemometric Analysis to determine key fuel properties that must meet specification standards. The PFPA correlates a database of NIR spectra to fuel properties that were determine with traditional ASTM methods using partial least squares (PLS). The PLS models were then compared to a validation set of fuel samples. The predicted values of PFPA exhibit comparable accuracy to ASTM methods and the repeatability values often-exceeding ASTM repeatability values. In contrast to standard ASTM test methods, which require a specific instrument for each property and a large volume of fuel sample, the PFPA can determine multiple fuel properties of diesel fuel in 10 seconds using only 2ml of sample. This allows end-users to test diesel fuel rapidly, and to quickly determine if it meets fuel specification requirements.
Abstract # 106 - Poster
Recent Advances in a Unique Laboratory Technique SRV® to Study and Help Solve a Wide Range of Tribological Real-life Problems
- Koehler Instrument Company
The SRVÒ test system- where SRV stands for the German acronym for oscillation, friction and wear – provides diverse model test environment for evaluating the friction and wear properties of lubricants, greases and materials.
Due to its versatile application this test system is appealing to be adopted by the industry to test their components in setups with high practical relevance and in conjunction with lubricants, materials and layers. In this study, a reciprocal model test has been applied that reproduces the real load situation of the contact of piston ring and cylinder linear at Fired Top Dead Center (FTDC) of internal combustion engines. Friction, wear, and load carrying capacity (LCC) were analyzed as a function of temperature, oil supply rate, and normal force for grey cast iron and spray coated cylinder liners, different piston ring coatings and engine oils. The test results show a significant dependency of the LCC on changing temperature and oil supply rate corresponding to different cylindrical pressures. Furthermore, the SRVÒtechnology is in compliance with 19 ISO, DIN, and ASTM testing standards developed by the SRVÒstandardization work group. As the established industry standard for friction and wear testing, the SRVÒprovides high precision results that help solve a wide range of tribological real-life problems.
Abstract # 107 - Poster
Evaluation of Degradation Degree of Lubricating Oil Using Thermal Desorption and Pyrolysis Combined with DART-MS and Kendrick Mass Defect Analysis
- BioChromato, Inc.
- BioChromato, Inc.
Lubricating oil is composed of base oil and additives. In order to analyze the base oils and additives of lubricating oils, complicated pretreatment which takes a lot of time and effort were required, generally. However for R&D, QC and market research, it is important to obtain the information on base oils and additives. Recently, thermal desorption and pyrolysis/direct analysis in real time (TDP/DART)-MS and Kendrick Mass Defect (KMD) analysis is using for polymer analysis, respectively. The purpose of this work to Analysis directly and evaluate the degradation degree of lubricating oils. In the thermal desorption region, a phenol type antioxidant, an amine type antioxidant, a salicylic acid type detergent dispersant were detected and determined from all samples. No significant difference in the amount ratio of additive components at 0 km and 1000 km running, but at 5000 km, salicylic acid type detergent and phenolic antioxidant was remarkably decreased. Therefore, TDP/DART-MS enables evaluation of degradation degree of lubricating oils using the additive intensity as a marker. In the pyrolysis region, using KMD analysis, the glycol compounds were detected by automobile running, clearly. And it increased with increasing in mileage. It was assumed that the glycol compounds were one of degradation compounds of lubricating oils. Therefore, KMD analysis was valuable way to search the differences between complex mass spectra. In summary, a combination of TDP/DART-MS and KMD analysis enables analysis both additives and base oil without any pretreatment. Therefore, the combination can contribute to elucidate of the degradation mechanism, failure analysis, R&D, and quality control in the field of automobiles.
